{"id":695,"date":"2026-08-20T17:06:35","date_gmt":"2026-08-20T15:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/4beauty.de\/glossar\/mastektomie\/"},"modified":"2026-08-20T17:26:08","modified_gmt":"2026-08-20T15:26:08","slug":"mastektomi","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/4beauty.de\/sq\/glossar\/mastektomie\/","title":{"rendered":"Mastektomia (heqja e gjirit) p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit: nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb kirurgjikale gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Tabela e p\u00ebrmbajtjes<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#definition-der-mastektomie\">P\u00ebrkufizimi i mastektomis\u00eb<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#indikationen-wann-ist-die-brustamputation-notwendig\">Indikacionet: Kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme mastektomia?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#arten-der-mastektomie-vor-und-nachteile-der-operationsmethoden\">Llojet e mastektomis\u00eb: p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe t\u00eb metat e metodave kirurgjikale<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-style-boxed has-white-warm-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sh\u00ebnim i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime informuese dhe nuk z\u00ebvend\u00ebson nj\u00eb diagnoz\u00eb ose k\u00ebshill\u00eb mjek\u00ebsore. N\u00ebse keni ndonj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim, ose n\u00ebse ju nevojitet nj\u00eb plan trajtimi i personalizuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore t\u00eb konsultoheni me nj\u00eb specialist t\u00eb kualifikuar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"definition-der-mastektomie\">P\u00ebrkufizimi i mastektomis\u00eb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nj\u00eb <strong>Masktom\u00eb<\/strong>, shpesh i referohet si <strong>Masktom\u00eb<\/strong> ose mjek\u00ebsor <strong>Masktom\u00eb<\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb kirurgjikale n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn hiqet e gjith\u00eb gjoksi \u2013 ose, m\u00eb sakt\u00eb, indi i gj\u00ebndr\u00ebs mamare t\u00eb gjoksit fem\u00ebror ose mashkullor \u2013. Kjo operacion \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb trajtim ky\u00e7 p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit (karcinom\u00ebn mamare), ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb rastet e tumoreve malinje t\u00eb gjirit, por mund t\u00eb kryhet edhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb parandaluese (profilaktike) n\u00eb rastet e rrezikut gjenetik shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr kancer gjiri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastektomia \u00ebsht\u00eb heqja kirurgjikale e gjirit; m\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht, heqja e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb indit t\u00eb gj\u00ebndr\u00ebs mamare, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb, kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, thithin, areol\u00ebn dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebs, si dhe indin dhjamor n\u00ebnl\u00ebkuror dhe fasci\u00ebn e muskujve pektorale. Q\u00ebllimi \u00ebsht\u00eb heqja e plot\u00eb e indit tumoral ose parandalimi i kancerit t\u00eb gjirit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ndryshe nga terapia konservuese e gjirit (BCT) ose kirurgjia konservuese e gjirit, ku hiqen vet\u00ebm tumori dhe nj\u00eb margjin\u00eb sigurie ngjitur (dmth. vet\u00ebm pjes\u00eb t\u00eb gjirit), mastektomia p\u00ebrfshin heqjen e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb gjirit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"indikationen-wann-ist-die-brustamputation-notwendig\">Indikacionet: Kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme mastektomia?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastektomia \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme mjek\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr lloje t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb gjirit ose mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e k\u00ebshillueshme si mas\u00eb parandaluese:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Trajtimi i kancerit t\u00eb gjirit (karcinom\u00ebs mamare):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u00ebse tumori \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i madh n\u00eb raport me gjirin, ose n\u00ebse gjiri \u00ebsht\u00eb i prekur n\u00eb disa vende.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00ebse kirurgjia ruajt\u00ebse e gjirit e ndjekur nga radioterapia nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur ose nuk d\u00ebshirohet nga pacienti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00eb rastin e disa llojeve agresive t\u00eb tumorit ose kancerit inflamator t\u00eb gjirit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mastektomi parandaluese (profilaktike):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tek grat\u00eb me rrezik shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb gjenetik p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit (p.sh. mutacione t\u00eb gjenit BRCA), mund t\u00eb konsiderohet edhe mastektomi bilaterale.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Redukton ndjesh\u00ebm rrezikun e rikthimit ose rrezikun e zhvillimit t\u00eb gjendjes p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"arten-der-mastektomie-vor-und-nachteile-der-operationsmethoden\">Llojet e mastektomis\u00eb: p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe t\u00eb metat e metodave kirurgjikale<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ekzistojn\u00eb teknika t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb mastektomis\u00eb, zgjedhja e t\u00eb cilave varet nga situata individuale. \u00c7do metod\u00eb ka avantazhet dhe disavantazhet e veta specifike:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mastektomi e thjesht\u00eb:<\/strong> Heqja e gj\u00ebndr\u00ebs s\u00eb gjirit, l\u00ebkur\u00ebs, thithit dhe areol\u00ebs. Muskuli i kraharorit n\u00ebn gj\u00ebnd\u00ebr lihet i paprekur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mastektomi radikale e modifikuar:<\/strong> P\u00ebrve\u00e7 nj\u00eb mastektomie t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, hiqen edhe nyjet limfatike n\u00eb sqetull.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mastektomia me kursim t\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebs:<\/strong> Shumica e l\u00ebvozhg\u00ebs s\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebs ruhet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb rind\u00ebrtim t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjirit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mastektomia me kursim t\u00eb thithave (NSM):<\/strong> Nj\u00eb lloj kirurgjie q\u00eb kursen l\u00ebkur\u00ebn, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ruhen thithi dhe areola, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb ato nuk preken nga tumori.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mastektomi n\u00ebn l\u00ebkur\u00eb:<\/strong> E ngjashme me teknik\u00ebn kursyese t\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebs, megjithat\u00eb mund t\u00eb mbetet nj\u00eb sasi e vog\u00ebl indi gj\u00ebndror.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastektomia e pjesshme \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret m\u00eb rrall\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr ekuivalent me lumpektomin\u00eb (nj\u00eb procedur\u00eb q\u00eb ruan gjirin).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ablauf-der-mastektomie-operation-und-entfernung-von-lymphknoten\">Procedura p\u00ebr mastektomi dhe heqje t\u00eb nyjeve limfatike<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastektomia kryhet n\u00ebn anestezi t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme. Kirurgu heq indin e gjirit dhe, kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, nyjet limfatike t\u00eb lidhura. Biopsia e nyj\u00ebs limfatike sentinel kryhet shpesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00ebse nyjet limfatike jan\u00eb t\u00eb prekura. Q\u00ebllimi i operacionit \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb hiqet plot\u00ebsisht indi tumoral pa shkaktuar trauma t\u00eb panevojshme n\u00eb murin e kraharorit. Rikonstruksioni i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm i gjirit mund t\u00eb kryhet menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas operacionit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"brustrekonstruktion-der-wiederaufbau-der-brust\">Rind\u00ebrtimi i gjirit: Rind\u00ebrtimi i gjirit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00ebr shum\u00eb gra, rind\u00ebrtimi i gjirit pas mastektomis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb hap i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm drejt rikthimit t\u00eb imazhit t\u00eb trupit dhe leht\u00ebsimit t\u00eb ndjenj\u00ebs s\u00eb humbjes s\u00eb gjirit. Rind\u00ebrtimi i gjirit mund t\u00eb kryhet duke p\u00ebrdorur teknika t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb kirurgjis\u00eb plastike:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Me implantet e gjoksit:<\/strong> P\u00ebrdorimi i implantateve t\u00eb gjoksit prej silikoni ose saline p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb gjoks t\u00eb ri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u00ebrdorimi i indit t\u00eb pacientit:<\/strong> P\u00ebrdorimi i indit nga pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb trupit (barku, shpin\u00eb, vithet) p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rind\u00ebrtim t\u00eb gjirit me baz\u00eb biologjike.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Metodat e kombinuara:<\/strong> Nj\u00eb gjoks i rind\u00ebrtuar mund t\u00eb krijohet gjithashtu duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb kombinim t\u00eb t\u00eb dy metodave.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vendimi p\u00ebr ose kund\u00ebr rind\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb gjoksit dhe zgjedhja e metod\u00ebs jan\u00eb shum\u00eb individuale. Alternativisht, protezat e jashtme t\u00eb gjoksit mund t\u00eb vendosen brenda nj\u00eb sutieni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"risiken-komplikationen-und-mogliche-nachteile-der-operation\">Rreziqet, komplikimet dhe t\u00eb metat e mundshme t\u00eb operacionit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7do operacion mban rreziqe. Disavantazhet dhe komplikimet e mundshme t\u00eb nj\u00eb mastektomie p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gjakderdhje pas operacionit, infeksione, sh\u00ebrim i d\u00ebmtuar i plag\u00ebs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Formimi i serom\u00ebs (grumbullim i l\u00ebngut).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dhimbje, mpirje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Limfedema e krahut (sidomos pas heqjes s\u00eb nyjeve limfatike).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00ebvizshm\u00ebri e kufizuar e shpatullave.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u00ebrvoja mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb e shqet\u00ebsueshme psikologjikisht.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heilung-und-nachsorge-bei-brustkrebs-nach-der-brustamputation\">Rikuperimi dhe kujdesi pasues pas mastektomis\u00eb p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kujdesi pas mastektomis\u00eb p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit \u00ebsht\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs. Ai p\u00ebrfshin kontrollin e plag\u00ebve, fizioterapi dhe, kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, trajtime t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme onkologjike. Veshja e nj\u00eb sutieni special mund t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje. Shoqata Gjermane e Kancerit ofron nj\u00eb pasuri informacioni mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"haufige-fragen-faq-zur-mastektomie-vs-brusterhaltende-operation\">Pyetje t\u00eb Shpeshta (FAQ) mbi mastektomin\u00eb dhe kirurgjin\u00eb ruajt\u00ebse t\u00eb gjirit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-1&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-1-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-1\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshimi kryesor midis mastektomis\u00eb dhe trajtimit ruajt\u00ebs t\u00eb gjirit?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-1\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-1-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00eb mastektomi hiqet e gjith\u00eb gjoksi; n\u00eb kirurgjin\u00eb ruajt\u00ebse t\u00eb gjirit (BCS) hiqen vet\u00ebm tumori dhe nj\u00eb margjin\u00eb sigurie \u2013 dometh\u00ebn\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb gjirit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-2&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-2-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-2\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">A \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e mundur rind\u00ebrtimi i gjirit pas mastektomis\u00eb?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-2\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-2-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve, po, por rrethanat individuale dhe lloji i rind\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb gjirit (p.sh. me implante gjiri ose me indin e pacientit) duhet t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohen nga nj\u00eb mjek. Rind\u00ebrtimi i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm i gjirit \u00ebsht\u00eb shpesh i mundur gjithashtu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-3&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-3-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-3\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Si duhet t\u00eb peshohen p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe t\u00eb metat e mastektomis\u00eb kundrejt atyre t\u00eb trajtimit ruajt\u00ebs t\u00eb gjirit?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-3\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-3-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vendim shum\u00eb individual q\u00eb varet nga lloji i kancerit t\u00eb gjirit, madh\u00ebsia e tumorit, madh\u00ebsia e gjirit dhe d\u00ebshirat e pacientes. Mastektomia shpesh sjell nj\u00eb rrezik m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb rikthimit lokal, nd\u00ebrsa trajtimi ruajt\u00ebs i gjirit ruan gjirin, por zakonisht k\u00ebrkon radioterapi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mastektomia (heqja e gjirit) \u00ebsht\u00eb heqja kirurgjikale e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb indit t\u00eb gjirit \u2013 ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb trajtimi kryesor p\u00ebr kancerin e gjirit dhe, n\u00eb raste t\u00eb rralla, mund t\u00eb kryhet edhe si mas\u00eb parandaluese.<\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-695","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/4beauty.de\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/4beauty.de\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/4beauty.de\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/4beauty.de\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}